Nalidixic acid is indicated in the treatment of urinary tract infection caused by susceptible Gram-negative organisms, including Proteus species, Klebsiella species, Enterobacter species and Escherichia coli.
Theropeutic Class
Anti-diarrhoeal Antimicrobial drugs, Other Anti-protozoals, Systemic Urinary Anti- infective
Pharmacology
Nalidixic acid is a synthetic narrow spectrum antibacterial. It is bacteriostatic or bactericidal depending on the concentration. Nalidixic acid appears to act by inhibiting bacterial DNA synthesis, possibly by interfering with DNA polymerization. It is rapidly and completely absorbed from the G.I. Tract. Parent drug and active metabolites are distributed to most tissues specially to the kidney and to the urine. During normal renal function, half-life is 1.1 to 2.5 hours and when renal function is impaired, half-life is up to 21 hours. It is rapidly and almost completely excreted within 24 hours.
Dosage & Administration of Naligram 500 mg
Adult: initially is 1 g every 6 hours for 7 days reducing to 500 mg every 6 hours.Children: Infants and children 3 month of age and over Initial: Oral 13.75 mg per kg body weight every six hours for one or two weeks. Maintenance: Oral 8.25 mg per kg body weight every six hours or as prescribed by the physician.
Dosage of Naligram 500 mg
Adult: initially is 1 g every 6 hours for 7 days reducing to 500 mg every 6 hours.Children: Infants and children 3 month of age and over Initial: Oral 13.75 mg per kg body weight every six hours for one or two weeks. Maintenance: Oral 8.25 mg per kg body weight every six hours or as prescribed by the physician.
Interaction of Naligram 500 mg
Concomitant use of Nalidixic acid with melphalan there have been reports of death froms severe blood containing diarrhoea caused by hemorrhagic ulcerative colitis. Probenecids inhibits tubular secretion of Naligram 500 mg and may therefore elevate serum concentration, possibly enhancing toxicity. Chlorpromazine and Perphenazine have been shown to potentiate the effect of Naligram 500 mg in vitro.
Contraindications
Nalidixic acid is contraindicated in the following cases- Infants under 3 months, epilepsy, CNS lesions.
Side Effects of Naligram 500 mg
Gastro-intestinal disturbances including nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, haemolysis in G6PD deficiency, allergic reaction including urticaria, rashes, fever, arthralgia, eosinophilia, also myalgia, muscle weakness, phototoxicity, jaundice, visual disturbances and convulsions.
Pregnancy & Lactation
There is the possibility that it may cause cartilage damage and as it is a DNA-gyrase inhibitor there is a possibility of causing DNA damage too. Nalidixic acid is excreted in breast milk and there is a report of hemolytic anaemia in a breast feed child of an azotemic mother.
Precautions & Warnings
Risk-benefit must be considered during the first trimester of pregnancy and during breast feeding, impaired renal or hepatic function.
Storage Conditions
Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Drug Classes
Anti-diarrhoeal Antimicrobial drugs, Other Anti-protozoals, Systemic Urinary Anti- infective
Mode Of Action
Nalidixic acid is a synthetic narrow spectrum antibacterial. It is bacteriostatic or bactericidal depending on the concentration. Nalidixic acid appears to act by inhibiting bacterial DNA synthesis, possibly by interfering with DNA polymerization. It is rapidly and completely absorbed from the G.I. Tract. Parent drug and active metabolites are distributed to most tissues specially to the kidney and to the urine. During normal renal function, half-life is 1.1 to 2.5 hours and when renal function is impaired, half-life is up to 21 hours. It is rapidly and almost completely excreted within 24 hours.
Pregnancy
There is the possibility that it may cause cartilage damage and as it is a DNA-gyrase inhibitor there is a possibility of causing DNA damage too. Nalidixic acid is excreted in breast milk and there is a report of hemolytic anaemia in a breast feed child of an azotemic mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Naligram 500 mg used for?
Nalidixic acid is indicated in the treatment of urinary tract infection caused by susceptible Gram-negative organisms, including Proteus species, Klebsiella species, Enterobacter species and Escherichia coli.
What is the dosage of Naligram 500 mg?
Adult: initially is 1 g every 6 hours for 7 days reducing to 500 mg every 6 hours.Children: Infants and children 3 month of age and over Initial: Oral 13.75 mg per kg body weight every six hours for one or two weeks. Maintenance: Oral 8.25 mg per kg body weight every six hours or as prescribed by the physician.
What are the side effects of Naligram 500 mg?
Gastro-intestinal disturbances including nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, haemolysis in G6PD deficiency, allergic reaction including urticaria, rashes, fever, arthralgia, eosinophilia, also myalgia, muscle weakness, phototoxicity, jaundice, visual disturbances and convulsions.
Who should not take Naligram 500 mg?
Nalidixic acid is contraindicated in the following cases- Infants under 3 months, epilepsy, CNS lesions.
What precautions should be taken with Naligram 500 mg?
Risk-benefit must be considered during the first trimester of pregnancy and during breast feeding, impaired renal or hepatic function.
Is Naligram 500 mg safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding?
There is the possibility that it may cause cartilage damage and as it is a DNA-gyrase inhibitor there is a possibility of causing DNA damage too. Nalidixic acid is excreted in breast milk and there is a report of hemolytic anaemia in a breast feed child of an azotemic mother.
Disclaimer
The information provided is accurate to our best practices, but it does not replace professional medical advice. We cannot guarantee its completeness or accuracy. The absence of specific information about a drug should not be seen as an endorsement. We are not responsible for any consequences resulting from this information, so consult a healthcare professional for any concerns or questions.
